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Progressive party-list organizations’ first foray into electoral politics was in 2001. , after the second People Power uprising or EDSA Dos that forced President Joseph Estrada from power in January of that year. Later that year, Bayan Muna swept the party-list polls, taking the maximum three seats in the 12th Congress. The Duterte administration, however, has revived and intensified such attacks, engaging in a massive vilification campaign on the ground and on social media.